judging from the barrage of daytime TV advertisements, in NY you call a lawyer. when i lived in WNY (buffalo, rochester), one attorney's slogan was "hurt in a car? call william mattar!"as for expense of insurance rates, my understanding is that NJ is the highest in the country. which makes sense to me bc they are the worst drivers. if we were including canadians, though, les quebecois are the absolute worst. but anyway... back to your question.
here, if the person doesn't have anything you can get from suing them, you still sue them, and they're personally (civilly) responsible. so you may never get any money, but they owe it to you and if they ever do get anything, it's yours.
we are able to purchase additional insurance here beyond our liability requirements. for example, i am not sure about the exact amounts, but i think liability covers like $25,000 for injury or damage to property. but, my insurance agent friend pointed out, what if you hit a mercedes? or a house? 25K is not going to cut it. so i have upped mine to 100K/300K just in case. it doesn't cost that much more per month, and this way i feel safer that my insurance will cover before they start taking away my meager assets. (right now i own two cars with a combined value of less than $5,000. that's about it. but that's not the point! what if i win the lottery tomorrow?)
sorry, i'm sure this post wasn't helpful to you very much. but if it makes you feel better, it was very helpful to me. gave me more time to drink my coffee before doing schoolwork.
cq
quasi unrelated facts: i visited MI in 2010. i really and truly hated it. sorry.